A Nice Cup of Tea by George Orwell
¿ì¸®°¡ ÈçÈ÷ Á¢ÇÏ´Â ¿ä¸®Ã¥À» µÚÁ® 'Â÷'¿¡ °üÇÑ Á¤º¸¸¦ ã¾Æº¸¸é, º¸Åë °£´ÜÇÑ ¸î ÁÙ Á¤µµ¿¡ ±×Ä¡°Å³ª ÀüÇô ¾ð±ÞÁ¶Â÷ µÇ¾îÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» º¸°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥, ±×³ª¸¶µµ Á¤¸» Áß¿äÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº ´Ù·çÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÖ´Ù.
If you look up 'tea' in the first cookery book that comes to hand you will probably find that it is unmentioned; or at most you will find a few lines of sketchy instructions which give no ruling on several of the most important points.
Â÷°¡ À̳ª¶ó(¿µ±¹)»Ó¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¾ÆÀÏ·£µå,¿À½ºÆ®·¼¸®¾Æ,´ºÁú·£µåµî ±¹°¡¿¡¼ Áß¿äÇÑ ¹®ÈÀûÀ§Ä¡¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇϰíÀִµ¥´Ù, ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Â÷¸¦ Á¦´ë·Î ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀΰ¡?ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °Ý·ÄÇÑ Åä·ÐÀÇ ÀïÁ¡ÀÌ µÇ°ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» »ý°¢Çϸé ÀÌ»óÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ò ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
This is curious, not only because tea is one of the mainstays of civilization in this country, as well as in Eire, Australia and New Zealand, but because the best manner of making it is the subject of violent disputes.
¿Ïº®ÇÑ Â÷¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â ³ª ¸¸ÀÇ ·¹½ÃÇǸ¦ °ËÅäÇØº¸¸é¼, 11°¡Áö Áß¿äÇÑ Á¡µéÀ» ã¾Æ³Â´Ù. ÀÌÁß 2°¡Áö´Â ¾Æ¸¶µµ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¼ö±àÇÒ¸¸ÇÑ °ÍµéÀÏ °ÍÀ̳ª Àû¾îµµ ´Ù¸¥ 4°¡Áö´Â ºÐ¸í ³íÀïÀÇ ¼ÒÁö°¡ À־ÀδÙ. ¿©±â ³ª¸¸ÀÇ 11°¡Áö ±ÔÄ¢À» ¼Ò°³ÇÑ´Ù. ±×°Íµé ÇϳªÇϳª°¡ ³»°Õ ¸ðµÎ ¼ÒÁßÇÑ ¸é¸éÀÌ´Ù.
When I look through my own recipe for the perfect cup of tea, I find no fewer than eleven outstanding points. On perhaps two of them there would be pretty general agreement, but at least four others are acutely controversial. Here are my own eleven rules, every one of which I regard as golden:
ù°:Àεµ»ê ¶Ç´Â ½º¸®¶ûÄ«»ê Â÷¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Áß±¹Â÷´Â °ªÀÌ ½Î°í, ¿ìÀ¯¾øÀÌ ¸¶½Ç¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ÀåÁ¡À» °¡Áö±ä ÇÏÁö¸¸, º°·Î Èï¹Ì°¡ ¾ø´Ù. Áß±¹Â÷¸¦ ¸¶½Ã°í ³ª¼ ´õ¿í Çö¸íÇØÁö´Â ´À³¦ÀÌ µç´Ù°Å³ª, ¿ë°¨ÇÑ ¸¶À½ÀÌ µÈ´Ù°Å³ª, ³«ÃµÀûÀÎ »ý°¢À» °¡Áö°Ô µÈ´Ù°Å³ª ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. "¸ÚÁø ÇÑÀÜÀÇ Â÷(a nice cup of tea)"¶ó´Â Ç¥ÇöÀ» ÀھƳ»´Âµ¥ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ Â÷´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÀεµÂ÷¿´´Ù.
First of all, one should use Indian or Ceylonese tea. China tea has virtues which are not to be despised nowadays - it is economical, and one can drink it without milk - but there is not much stimulation in it. One does not feel wiser, braver or more optimistic after drinking it. Anyone who has used that comforting phrase 'a nice cup of tea' invariably means Indian tea.
µÑ°:ÀûÀº ¾çÀ» ¸¸µé¾î¾ßÇÑ´Ù. - Áï, ƼÆ÷Æ®¸¦ ½á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Ä¿´Ù¶õ ÁÖÀüÀÚ·Î ¸¹Àº ¾çÀ» ¸¸µç Â÷´Â ¸ÀÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ±º´ë¿¡¼ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ´ëÇü¼Ü¿¡¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø Â÷´Â ±â¸§Áö°í, Èñ¸Ö°Ó´Ù. ƼÆ÷Æ®´Â Àڱ⳪ µµ±âÁ¦Ç°À̾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀºÀ̳ª µ¿À¸·ÎµÈ ƼÆ÷Æ®´Â Â÷¸ÀÀ» ³ª»Ú°Ô ÇÏ°í ¿¡³ª¸á Æ÷Æ®´Â ´õ´õ¿í ±×·¸´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ½Å±âÇϰԵµ -¿äÁò¿Í¼± µå¹°¾îÁö±ä ÇßÁö¸¸-, ¹é¶øÀ¸·ÎµÈ ƼÆ÷Æ®´Â ±×¸® ³ª»ÚÁö ¾Ê´Ù.
Secondly, tea should be made in small quantities - that is, in a teapot. Tea out of an urn is always tasteless, while army tea, made in a cauldron, tastes of grease and whitewash. The teapot should be made of china or earthenware. Silver or Britanniaware teapots produce inferior tea and enamel pots are worse; though curiously enough a pewter teapot (a rarity nowadays) is not so bad.
¼Â°:Æ÷Æ®´Â »ç¿ëÀü¿¡ ¿¹¿ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÈçÈ÷ ÇϵíÀÌ ¶ß°Å¿î ¹°·Î Èçµé¾î ¿¹¿Çϱ⠺¸´Ù´Â º®³·Î ÀÂÊ µû¶æÇÑ °÷¿¡ ¿Ã·ÁµÎ´Â ÆíÀÌ ´õ ¿¹¿ÀÌ ÀߵȴÙ.
Thirdly, the pot should be warmed beforehand. This is better done by placing it on the hob than by the usual method of swilling it out with hot water.
³Ý°: Â÷´Â ÁøÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. 1ÄõÆ®(1.14¸®ÅÍ)µéÀÌ Æ¼Æ÷Æ®¶ó¸é, Ƽ½ºÇ¬À¸·Î ¼Òº¹ÇÏ°Ô Ã¤¿ö¼ 6¹øÀ» ³ÖÀ¸¸é °ÅÀÇ Àß ¸Â´Â´Ù. À̰ÍÀº ¸ÅÀϸ¶´Ù ±ú´Ý°Ô µÇ´Â »ý°¢Àº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸, ÇÑÀÜÀÇ ÁøÇÑ Â÷°¡ 20ÀÜÀÇ ¿¬ÇÑ Â÷º¸´Ù ³´´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. Â÷¸¦ Á¤¸» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº Çϳª°°ÀÌ ÁøÇÑ Â÷¸¦ ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¹°·ÐÀ̰í ÇØ°¡ °¥¼ö·Ï Á¶±Ý¾¿ ´õ ÁøÇÑ °ÍÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù. - ³ªÀ̰¡ ´õ ¸¹À» ¼ö·Ï ´õ ¸¹Àº ¿¬±ÝÇýÅÃÀÌ °¡´Â °Íó·³.
Fourthly, the tea should be strong. For a pot holding a quart, if you are going to fill it nearly to the brim, six heaped teaspoons would be about right. In a time of rationing, this is not an idea that can be realized on every day of the week, but I maintain that one strong cup of tea is better than twenty weak ones. All true tea lovers not only like their tea strong, but like it a little stronger with each year that passes - a fact which is recognized in the extra ration issued to old-age pensioners.
´Ù¼¸Â°:Â÷ÀÙ´Â Æ÷Æ®¾È¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ³Ö¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Â÷¸À¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ³¢Ä¡´Â ½ºÆ®·¹À̳ʳª, ¸éÁÖ¸Ó´Ï ¶Ç´Â ±âŸ ´Ù¸¥ ±â±¸µéÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ¾î¶² ³ª¶óÀÇ Æ¼Æ÷Æ®µéÀº Èð¾îÁö´Â Â÷ÀÙÀ» ¸ð¾Æ °Å¸£±â À§ÇØ Æ¼Æ÷Æ®¿¡ ¹Ù±¸´Ï°¡ ÀåÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °Íµµ ÀÖ´Ù. »ç½Ç Â÷ÀÙÀº ¸¹Àº ¾çÀ» »ïŲ´Ù ÇØµµ ÀÎü¿¡ ÇØ·Î¿î °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¸ç, Â÷ÀÙÀº ƼÆ÷Æ®¾È¿¡ ±×´ë·Î ³Ö¾îÁÖÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é, °áÄÚ ÁÁÀº Â÷¸ÀÀ» ³»Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
Fifthly, the tea should be put straight into the pot. No strainers, muslin bags or other devices to imprison the tea. In some countries teapots are fitted with little dangling baskets under the spout to catch the stray leaves, which are supposed to be harmful. Actually one can swallow tea-leaves in considerable quantities without ill effect, and if the tea is not loose in the pot it never infuses properly.
¿©¼¸Â°:ƼÆ÷Æ®´Â ²úÀÌ´Â ¹°ÁÖÀüÀÚ ÂÊÀ¸·Î °¡Á®°¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ½ÄÀº ¾ÈµÈ´Ù. ¹°Àº »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ø°£¿¡ ½ÇÀç·Î ²ú°í ÀÖ¾î¾ß¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù. ½ÉÁö¾î »ç¿ëÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ¹°À» º×´Â ¼ø°£±îÁöµµ ºÒ±æÀ» À¯ÁöÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ȤÀÚ´Â ¸Å¹ø ½Å¼±ÇÑ ¹°À» ²ú¿©¼ »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í Çϳª, ³ª´Â ±× Á¡¿¡¼´Â º°´Ù¸¥ Â÷À̸¦ ´À³¥ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
Sixthly, one should take the teapot to the kettle and not the other way about. The water should be actually boiling at the moment of impact, which means that one should keep it on the flame while one pours. Some people add that one should only use water that has been freshly brought to the boil, but I have never noticed that it makes any difference.
Àϰö¹øÂ°:Â÷¸¦ ¿ì¸°ÈÄ¿¡´Â Çѹø Àú¾îÁְųª ƼÆ÷Æ®¸¦ Èçµé¾î ÁÖ¸é ´õ ÁÁ´Ù. ±×·±´ÙÀ½ Â÷ÀÙÀÌ °¡¶ó ¾Êµµ·ÏÇÑ´Ù.
Seventhly, after making the tea, one should stir it, or better, give the pot a good shake, afterwards allowing the leaves to settle.
¿©´ü¹øÂ°: ÄÅÀº ¾ÆÄ§½Ä»ç¿ë ÄÅ- Áï, ±ä ¿ø±âµÕÇüÀÇ ÄÅÀ» »ç¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À̰ÍÀÌ ³³ÀÛÇÏ°í ÆíÆíÇÑ ÇüÀÇ Äź¸´Ù ÁÁ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ÄÅÀº ´õ¸¹ÀÌ ´ãÀ»¼ö ÀÖ°í º¸¿Â·Âµµ ÁÁ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÄÅÀº ¸¶½Ã±â ½ÃÀÛÇϱ⵵ Àü¿¡ ¹ÝÀº ½Ä¾î¹ö¸®°ï ÇÑ´Ù.
Eighthly, one should drink out of a good breakfast cup - that is, the cylindrical type of cup, not the flat, shallow type. The breakfast cup holds more, and with the other kind one's tea is always half cold before one has well started on it.
¾ÆÈ©¹øÂ°:¿ìÀ¯´Â Â÷¿¡ ³Ö±âÀü¿¡ Å©¸²À» Á¦°ÅÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Å©¸²ÀÌ ¸¹Àº ¿ìÀ¯´Â Â÷¸ÀÀ» ¹Ô¹ÔÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
Ninthly, one should pour the cream off the milk before using it for tea. Milk that is too creamy always gives tea a sickly taste.
¿¹øÂ°:¿ìÀ¯º¸´Ü Â÷¸¦ ¸ÕÀú ÄÅ¿¡ ºÎ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¡Àº °¡Àå ¶ß°Ì°Ô ³íÀïÀÌ ÀϾ°í ÀÖ´Â »óȲÀ̱ä Çѵ¥, ¿µ±¹ÀÇ ¸ðµç °¡Á¤¿¡´Â, ½ÇÀç·Î ÀÌ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ µÎ°¡Áö °ßÇØ°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÑ´Ù. ¹ÐÅ©¸¦ ¸ÕÀú ºÎ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ßÇØµµ ¸î°¡Áö °·ÂÇÑ ³í°Å¸¦ µéÀÌ´î¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ³ª´Â ³»°¡ °¡Áö´Â ³í°Å°¡ °áÁ¤ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ̶ó°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. Áï, ¸ÕÀú Â÷¸¦ ºÎ¿î ÈÄ ¿ìÀ¯¸¦ ºÎ¿ì¸é¼ Àú¾îÁÖ¸é ¿ìÀ¯ÀÇ Á¤È®ÇÑ ¾çÀ» ÃøÁ¤ÇÒ¼ö °¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ý¸é¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ½ÄÀ» ÃëÇÏ¸é ¿ìÀ¯°¡ ³Ê¹« ¸¹ÀÌ µé¾î°¥ ¼ÒÁö°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
Tenthly, one should pour tea into the cup first. This is one of the most controversial points of all; indeed in every family in Britain there are probably two schools of thought on the subject. The milk-first school can bring forward some fairly strong arguments, but I maintain that my own argument is unanswerable. This is that, by putting the tea in first and stirring as one pours, one can exactly regulate the amount of milk whereas one is liable to put in too much milk if one does it the other way round.
¿ÇѹøÂ°:·¯½Ã¾È ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ¸¶½Ã´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é Â÷´Â ¼³ÅÁ¾øÀÌ ¸¶¼Å¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾È´Ù.. ÀÌÁ¡¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ³»°¡ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÁöÁö¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ». ÇÏÁö¸¸, Â÷¿¡ ¼³ÅÁÀ» ³Ö¾î Â÷ÀÇ º»·¡¸ÀÀ» ÇØÄ£´Ù¸é ´ç½ÅÀº °ú¿¬ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Â÷¾ÖÈ£°¡¶ó ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î? ÈÄÃß³ª ¼Ò±ÝÀ» ³Ö´Â °Íµµ °°Àº ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î »ý°¢ÇÒ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Â÷´Â º»·¡ ¾´¸ÀÀÌ´Ù. ¸ÆÁÖ°¡ ¾´ ¸ÀÀÎ °Íó·³. ±×·¸´Ù°í ´Ü °ÍÀ» ÷°¡ÇØ ¹ö¸®¸é ´õ ÀÌ»ó º»·¡ÀÇ Â÷¸ÀÀ» ´À³¥ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. ¾î¼¸é ±×³É ¶ß°Å¿î ¹°¿¡ ¼³ÅÁÀ» ³ì¿© ¸¶½Ç ¶§ ó·³ °£°£ÀÌ ¼³ÅÁÀÇ ´Ü¸ÀÀÌ ´À²¸Áú »ÓÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Lastly, tea - unless one is drinking it in the Russian style - should be drunk _without sugar_. I know very well that I am in a minority here. But still, how can you call yourself a true tealover if you destroy the flavour of your tea by putting sugar in it? It would be equally reasonable to put in pepper or salt. Tea is meant to be bitter, just as beer is meant to be bitter. If you sweeten it, you are no longer tasting the tea, you are merely tasting the sugar; you could make a very similar drink by dissolving sugar in plain hot water.
Â÷¸À ÀÚü¸¦ Áñ±âÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀϺΠ»ç¶÷µéÀº ¾Æ¸¶µµ ´ë´äÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ª´Â ¿À·ÎÁö ¸öÀ» µû¶æÇÏ°Ô ¿ÀÌ ³ªµµ·Ï ÇϱâÀ§ÇØ Â÷¸¦ ¸¶½Ê´Ï´Ù. Â÷ÀÇ ¶µÀº ¸ÀÀ» ¾ø¾Ö·Á¸é ¼³ÅÁÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·± À߸øµÈ ½À°üÀ» °¡Áö°Ô µÈ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ÇØÁÖ°í ½ÍÀº ¸»ÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. 2ÁÖµ¿¾È¸¸ ¼³ÅÁ¾øÀÌ Â÷¸¦ ¸¶¼Åº¸¼¼¿ä. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ´Ù½Ã´Â ¼³ÅÁÀ» ³Ö¾î ´ç½ÅÀÇ Â÷¸ÀÀ» ¹ö¸®´Â ÀÏÀº Çϰí½ÍÁö ¾Ê¾ÆÁú °Ì´Ï´Ù.
Some people would answer that they don't like tea in itself, that they only drink it in order to be warmed and stimulated, and they need sugar to take the taste away. To those misguided people I would say: Try drinking tea without sugar for, say, a fortnight and it is very unlikely that you will ever want to ruin your tea by sweetening it again.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ÍµéÀº Â÷¸¦ ¸¶½Ã´Â °Í°ú °ü·ÃÇÑ ³íÀï°Å¸® À̱⵵ ÇÏ·Á´Ï¿Í, »ç±³ »ýȰ¿¡¼ ¼¼·ÃµÈ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¿¬ÃâÇϴµ¥ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍµéÀÌ´Ù. À̿ܿ¡µµ Â÷¸¶½Ã±â¿Í °ü·ÃÇØ¼ Á¶±ÝÀº ÀǾƽº·± ¸î°¡Áö ¿¹ÀǹüÀý(¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ¿Ö ÀܹÞħÀÌ ¾øÀÌ Â÷¸¦ ¸¶½Ã´Â °ÍÀº õ¹ÚÇÏ°Ô ¿©±â´Â °É±î? ¶óµçÁö)µµ ÀÖ°í, Çà¿îÀ» Á¡Ä£´Ù°Å³ª, ¼Õ´ÔÀÇ ¹æ¹®À» ¿¹ÃøÇغ»´Ù°Å³ª, Åä³¢¿¡°Ô ¸ÔÀÌ·Î Áشٰųª È»óÀ» Ä¡·áÇѴٰųª Ä«ÆêÀ» ´Û¾Æ³½´Ù°Å³ª ÇÏ´Â µîÀÇ Â÷ÀÙÀÇ ºÎ°¡Àû ¿ëµµ¸¦ ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ¸¹Àº ¼Àûµéµµ Àִ°Š°°´Ù. ƼÆ÷Æ®¸¦ ¿¹¿ÇÏ°í ½ÇÀç·Î ²ú°íÀÖ´Â ¹°À» »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î ÇØ¼, ÀûÀýÈ÷ °è·®ÇÑ 2¿Â½ºÀÇ Â÷ÀÙÀ¸·Î ½º¹«ÀÜÀÇ ÁøÇϰí ÈǸ¢ÇÑ Â÷¸¦ ¸¸µé¾î³»´Â °úÁ¤¿¡ À¯ÀÇÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÁÖ¸ñÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
These are not the only controversial points to arise in connexion with tea drinking, but they are sufficient to show how subtilized the whole business has become. There is also the mysterious social etiquette surrounding the teapot (why is it considered vulgar to drink out of your saucer, for instance?) and much might be written about the subsidiary uses of tealeaves, such as telling fortunes, predicting the arrival of visitors, feeding rabbits, healing burns and sweeping the carpet. It is worth paying attention to such details as warming the pot and using water that is really boiling, so as to make quite sure of wringing out of one's ration the twenty good, strong cups of that two ounces, properly handled, ought to represent.
ÀÛ°¡¼Ò°³:(George Orwell, 1903~1950.1.21)
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*¿ø¹®Ãâó:Evening Standard, 12 January 1946.
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